The Love Story of Pyramus and Thisbe :: Cyprus

The Love Story of Pyramus and ThisbePyramus was the closely handsome of young men and Thisbe was the fairest beauty of the East. Ovid in MetamorphosesPyramus and Thisbe lived in Babylonia and from the time they were young, were neighbors. They played together daily as children and fell in spang as they grew older. Although neighbors, their families were hostile to star another so the love mingled with Pyramus and Thisbe remained a secret. They had a special meeting place at a wall between their houses. This particular wall bore a scar. A large crack marred its smooth surface as a result of an earthquake gigantic ago. Pyramus and Thisbe communicated through this crack when it was risky to see one another. One particularly magnificent day, they arrived at their usual meeting place. The beauty of the day made them mourning their situation all the more. They cried as they watched two hummingbirds fell over the wall together. Suddenly they came to the decision that they would not b e stopped from being together whatsoever longer. They decided to meet that night popside the metropolis gates under a mulberry tree filled white fruit. This particular tree grew nigh a stream next to the local cemetery. Thisbe, confidential by a confuse, arrived at the appointed spot first and waited patiently for Pyramus to come. All of a sudden, a lioness fresh from a kill, her jaws covered in blood, slunk out of the brush to satisfy her thirst at the stream. Thisbe, frightened by this disturbance, ran to a nearby cave. In her haste, she dropped her veil and the lioness grabbed it and shredded it with her bloody jaws. Meanwhile, Pyramus had arrived at the meeting place. As he approached the tree he could not help but notice the large paw prints of the lioness. His burden beat faster. As he approached the stream, his fears were confirmed upon comprehend Thisbes veil torn and bloodstained. Unable to find Thisbe and fearing that she was dead, Pyramus was unable to contain his sorrow. Hedrew his brand and plunged it deeply into his side. As he removed the brand from his side, blood sprayed the white fruit on the tree, turning it a dark purple color.Meanwhile, Thisbe, recovered from her fright, came certify to the meeting place by the stream. There she apothegm Pyramus ashes lying in a crumpled heap on the ground. Racked with uncontrollable agony, she took his sword and threw her body onto it.The Love Story of Pyramus and Thisbe CyprusThe Love Story of Pyramus and ThisbePyramus was the most handsome of young men and Thisbe was the fairest beauty of the East. Ovid in MetamorphosesPyramus and Thisbe lived in Babylonia and from the time they were young, were neighbors. They played together daily as children and fell in love as they grew older. Although neighbors, their families were hostile to one another so the love between Pyramus and Thisbe remained a secret. They had a special meeting place at a wall between their houses. This particular wall bore a scar. A large crack marred its smooth surface as a result of an earthquake long ago. Pyramus and Thisbe communicated through this crack when it was risky to see one another. One particularly magnificent day, they arrived at their usual meeting place. The beauty of the day made them lament their situation all the more. They cried as they watched two hummingbirds fly over the wall together. Suddenly they came to the decision that they would not be stopped from being together any longer. They decided to meet that night outside the city gates under a mulberry tree filled white fruit. This particular tree grew near a stream next to the local cemetery. Thisbe, hidden by a veil, arrived at the appointed spot first and waited patiently for Pyramus to come. All of a sudden, a lioness fresh from a kill, her jaws covered in blood, slunk out of the brush to satisfy her thirst at the stream. Thisbe, frightened by this disturbance, ran to a nearby cave. In her haste, she dropped her veil and t he lioness grabbed it and shredded it with her bloody jaws. Meanwhile, Pyramus had arrived at the meeting place. As he approached the tree he could not help but notice the large paw prints of the lioness. His heart beat faster. As he approached the stream, his fears were confirmed upon seeing Thisbes veil torn and bloodstained. Unable to find Thisbe and fearing that she was dead, Pyramus was unable to contain his sorrow. Hedrew his sword and plunged it deeply into his side. As he removed the sword from his side, blood sprayed the white fruit on the tree, turning it a dark purple color.Meanwhile, Thisbe, recovered from her fright, came back to the meeting place by the stream. There she saw Pyramus body lying in a crumpled heap on the ground. Racked with uncontrollable agony, she took his sword and threw her body onto it.

Urging Educators to Accept the Internet as a Valuable Research Tool for Students :: Teaching Education

Urging Educators to Accept the Internet as a Valuable Research Tool for Students On the evolutionary scale of importance, minnows occupy a app arntly menial state they are small, they are unimposing, they are relatively slow, and they are inept. In the face of danger from bigger and more physically dominant fish, minnows flee. When a fishermans net scoops them from their environment, they are defenseless. Even as the fisherman grasps a minnows minor body, and plunges a hook into its back, the best a minnow can do is stare vacantly. Despite these ostensibly inauspicious characteristics, however, minnows do possess some value. If they are physically adept, and fortunate enough to non succumb to the aforementioned hazards, they develop into larger fish, which are capable of avoiding the more mundane dangers of their environment. Still, a minnow would not be the ideal choice for a fresh body if one exalted the forces of reincarnation. Plus, in our secularized state, m ost creatures do not admonish the minnow as a divine creature graceful of respect. Humans especially do not lavish the minnow with attention not in art, not in literature, nor in religious lore. After all, images of Moby minnow eluding an enraged Ahab would probably not wet the tastes of dilettantes or casual readers of literature. Yet, all kidding aside, the minnow evokes a mythical metaphor for educators imploring their students to learn. Although teachers by no means hook students and use them for bait, they do have the ability to educate their students about the dangers of the real world. Physical dangers, albeit dissimilar from the perils faced by minnows, do irritate threats to students in obtrusive and visible forms alcohol abuse, drug abuse, peer pressure, and violence amongst other things. To exacerbate matters more, some of these dangers carrefour each other, which makes the job of adult interference even more irksome and problematic. Moreover, anoth er danger exists for students the Internet. Suddenly red flags and whaling klaxons emerge in the minds of some readers This subject does not purport to advocate a fundamental rationale for adolescent Internet use nor does this paper unleash philippics about the immoral decadence attributed to the Internet.Urging Educators to Accept the Internet as a Valuable Research Tool for Students Teaching EducationUrging Educators to Accept the Internet as a Valuable Research Tool for Students On the evolutionary scale of importance, minnows occupy a seemingly menial state they are small, they are unimposing, they are relatively slow, and they are inept. In the face of danger from larger and more physically dominant fish, minnows flee. When a fishermans net scoops them from their environment, they are defenseless. Even as the fisherman grasps a minnows meek body, and plunges a hook into its back, the best a minnow can do is stare vacantly. Despite thes e ostensibly inauspicious characteristics, however, minnows do possess some value. If they are physically adept, and fortunate enough to not succumb to the aforementioned hazards, they develop into larger fish, which are capable of avoiding the more mundane dangers of their environment. Still, a minnow would not be the ideal choice for a fresh body if one exalted the forces of reincarnation. Plus, in our secularized state, most creatures do not admonish the minnow as a divine creature worthy of respect. Humans especially do not lavish the minnow with attention not in art, not in literature, nor in religious lore. After all, images of Moby Minnow eluding an enraged Ahab would probably not wet the tastes of dilettantes or casual readers of literature. Yet, all kidding aside, the minnow evokes a fabulous metaphor for educators imploring their students to learn. Although teachers by no means hook students and use them for bait, they do have the ability to educate their s tudents about the dangers of the real world. Physical dangers, albeit different from the perils faced by minnows, do pose threats to students in obtrusive and visible forms alcohol abuse, drug abuse, peer pressure, and violence amongst other things. To exacerbate matters more, some of these dangers overlap each other, which makes the job of adult intervention even more irksome and problematic. Moreover, another danger exists for students the Internet. Suddenly red flags and whaling klaxons emerge in the minds of some readers This paper does not purport to advocate a fundamental rationale for adolescent Internet use nor does this paper unleash philippics about the immoral decadence attributed to the Internet.

To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee - Answers :: To Kill a Mockingbird Essays

To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper leewardQuestion On giving Jem and Scout air rifles, Atticus tells them thatto kill a mockingbird is a sin. Miss Maudie explains thatmockingbirds only do one thing, and that is to babble out their hearts outfor us. Who ar the mockingbirds in the story, and how have they beenkilled by the society around them?Ideas The two main mockingbirds are Boo Radley and Tom Robinson, but in that location are others within the storyline.Boo Radley has been shut away from the world by his father and thenlater his brother through an incident which occurred fifteen historic periodearlier when he stabbed his father with a pair of scissors. Thesuggestion is that he had gone mad and should have been committed toan asylum. His influence in our story is all-good in that he givesgifts to the children, repairs Jems pants when they are caught on thefence and, of course, saves the childrens lives when Bob Ewellattacks them. Sheriff Tate recognizes the vulnerability of Boo a ndthat any publicity would destroy him, so he says that the death was anaccident.Tom Robinson is actually killed and his death is a sin committed bythe whole white community of Maycomb. All he tried to do was to abideby the rules of the society in which he lived and when a black personis asked to do a chore he obeys. The main enemies of birds are cats and lee(prenominal) describes Mayella as beinglike a steady-eyed cat with a twitchy tale and the bird she isfocusing on is of course, Tom Robinson. Lees description is that ofa cat stalking its prey.Jem to some degree was also a mockingbird. He went with Scout to theblack church in order to please Calpurnia, and the Rev. Sykes. Jemsuffers in that his juvenile idealism is shattered by the verdictgiven by the all-white jury at the trial.The pet-dog of Maycomb is called Tim Johnson, a bird-dog, who one dayacts strangely because he has caught rabies. He gave pleasure to thetownsfolk, but suddenly he now causes fear. So much so that even themockingbirds are silent. Atticus shoots the dog for the good of thewhole town.Question dissimilarity rears its ugly head in many forms withinthis story. Give examples of this.Ideas The obvious discrimination is that of the dominant whitecommunity over the subservient black community. They are not giventhe same opportunities regarding education, illustrated by the visitto the Negro church where only a few can read.

Protecting your Privacy from the Government Essay -- Politics Persuasi

Protecting your Privacy from the GovernmentPrivacy and the Government, for centurys quite a little have debated the conspiracy theory that the government is always ceremonial you.With integration of training System, this fear is fast becoming reality.Since September 11, the Government has developed a completely new understanding of information the individuals that live in the United States.They are now focusing on the any and all potential threats to national security.The Governments big imitative, which is part of native land Security, is good Information Awareness (TIA) also known as Terrorism Information Awareness.This campaign is the closest thing to Big Brother that the United States has ever seen.It is a focus on pulling as much information together on as many people as possible into a angiotensin converting enzyme database, making the information available to government officials to weed out and find potential people involved in terrorism.On the surface this would seem t o be a good thing, but if you look at the situation closer, you pass on find that they are gathering information on anyone and everyone.This means that they are gathering information on people for future purposes.They are gathering information on the pretense that they may use it in the future in the name of Homeland Security.The TIA is not the only mode of extraction of information from our privacy the airlines in conjunction with the government have developed a similar frame for airline passengers.The government is also purchasing information from other companies on its customer to gain more data on potential wrong doers.We will discuss basic points on all three later on this site.In essence many believe that they are violating our privacy. The Total Information Awareness ... ...ng the sentience of privacy within its agencies.They have begun to create positions called Private Contact Officers (PCO), which have the responsibility of maintaining the integrity of the implied priv acy agreement with its citizens.Of the government agencies polled over 74% respondents perspective that privacy was extremely important to their agencies.Some of the main focuses of the agencies are on Internet security and personal information security and integrity.Most of the agencies polled expressed that privacy was a antecedency it did not rank as one the top priorities.The issue of privacy and the government is getting better but at an extremely slow pace.Once people understand that when you lose your privacy you can never get it back, they will guard themselves and there personal information better.The only one that can alleviate prevent invasion of privacy is ourselves.

A Marxist Reading of One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest Essay -- One Flew

Fred Wright, Laurens instructor for EN 132 (Life, Language, Literature), comments, English 132 is an introduction to English studies, in which students ensure near various areas in the discipline from linguistics to the study of popular culture. For the lit and literary criticism section of the course, students read a canonical work of literature and what scholars have said about the work over the years. This year, students read One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest, by Ken Kesey, a classic of American literature which dates from the mid-sixties counterculture. Popularized in a film version starring Jack Nicholson, which the class withal watched in order to discuss film studies and adaptation, the novel became notable for its merciful portrayal of the mentally ill. For an essay about the novel, students were asked to choose a critical approach (such as feminist, formalist, psychological, and so forth) and interpret the novel using that approach, while also considering how their interpre tation fit into the ongoing scholarly dialogue about the work. Lauren chose the challenge of applying a Marxist approach to One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest. Not only did she learn about critical approaches and how to apply one to a text, she wrote an excellent essay, which will help other readers understand the text better. In fact, if John Clark Pratt or other editor ever want to update the 1996 Viking Critical Library edition of the novel, then he or she might want to include Laurens essay in the next editionAt first glance, a reader may wonder how Ken Keseys novel One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest, a book depicting a group of mentally unstable men and their boisterous Irish-American leader, connects with the economic and sociological view o... ...lett, Moyra. Marxist Literary and ethnical Theories. bran-new York St. Martins Press, 2000. Print. Industrial Revolution. The New American Desk Encyclopedia. 5th ed. 1989. Print. Kappel, Lawrence. Readings on One Flew over the Cuckoos Nes t. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 2000. Print. Kesey, Ken. One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest. Ed. John Clark Pratt. New York Viking-Penguin, 1996. Print. Viking Critical Library. Loeb, Roger C. Machines, Mops, and Medicaments Therapy in the Cuckoos Nest. Lex et Scientia 13. 1-2 (1977) 38-41. Rpt. Kappel 85-91. Malin, Irving. Ken Kesey One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest. Critique 5.2 (1962) 81-84. Rpt. in Kesey 440-444. Marxism. The New American Desk Encyclopedia. 5th ed. 1989. Print. Parker, Robert Dale. How to counsel Literature Critical Theory for Literary and Cultural Studies. New York Oxford, 2011. Print.

A Marxist Reading of One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest Essay -- One Flew

Fred Wright, Laurens instructor for EN 132 (Life, Language, Literature), comments, English 132 is an introduction to English studies, in which students short-change about various areas in the discipline from linguistics to the study of popular culture. For the writings and literary criticism section of the course, students read a canonical nominate of literature and what scholars have said about the work over the years. This year, students read One Flew over the goofballs Nest, by Ken Kesey, a classic of American literature which dates from the 1960s counterculture. Popularized in a film version starring Jack Nicholson, which the class also watched in order to discuss film studies and adaptation, the novel became famous for its sympathetic portrayal of the mentally ill. For an try out about the novel, students were asked to choose a critical approach (such as feminist, formalist, psychological, and so forth) and interpret the novel using that approach, tour also considering ho w their interpretation fit into the ongoing scholarly dialogue about the work. Lauren chose the challenge of applying a Marxist approach to One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest. Not entirely did she learn about critical approaches and how to apply one to a text, she wrote an excellent essay, which will help other readers understand the text better. In fact, if earth-closet Clark Pratt or another editor ever want to update the 1996 Viking Critical Library edition of the novel, then he or she might want to include Laurens essay in the next editionAt first glance, a reader may wonder how Ken Keseys novel One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest, a book depicting a group of mentally unstable men and their boisterous Irish-American leader, connects with the economic and sociological view o... ...lett, Moyra. Marxist literary and Cultural Theories. New York St. Martins Press, 2000. Print. Industrial Revolution. The New American Desk Encyclopedia. fifth ed. 1989. Print. Kappel, Lawrence. Readings on On e Flew over the Cuckoos Nest. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 2000. Print. Kesey, Ken. One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest. Ed. John Clark Pratt. New York Viking-Penguin, 1996. Print. Viking Critical Library. Loeb, Roger C. Machines, Mops, and Medicaments Therapy in the Cuckoos Nest. Lex et Scientia 13. 1-2 (1977) 38-41. Rpt. Kappel 85-91. Malin, Irving. Ken Kesey One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest. Critique 5.2 (1962) 81-84. Rpt. in Kesey 440-444. Marxism. The New American Desk Encyclopedia. 5th ed. 1989. Print. Parker, Robert Dale. How to Interpret Literature Critical Theory for Literary and Cultural Studies. New York Oxford, 2011. Print.

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MEDALLION COUNCIL PROJECT REPORT FORM CATEGORYEnvironmental Concerns PROJECT denoteGreen spend Party PROJECT DATE(S)December 20, 2012 FHSAA CLASSIFICATION 8A_ MAIN GOAL(S) OF THIS PROJECT (give specific goals) * To celebrate the holidays in an environmentally sustainable way * To come the school community together in order to create crafts from recycled materials * For budgeted alternatives on holiday celebration PROJECT DESCRIPTION (50-250 words)As an eco-friendly way to celebrate the winter holidays, Timber Creek Student Government decided to encourage their students to make the season green. To start this project, bins were placed in each classroom for a collection of recycled materials from students and teachers. SGA then gathered the collection of donated materials from Timber Creek and got crafty by turning them into differently designed recycled and biodegradable ornaments. This way, the students can learn more alternatives to decorate for the holidays by spending little t o no money.The assorted ornaments were placed on all of the trees throughout the Timber Creek campus as display for everyone at the school. A separate set of ornaments, bracelets, bowls, and art were made by SGA and put on sale for one dollar in the courtyard for students to purchase during luncheon and between classes. The students were amazed with all of the different things you could make with such cheap materials like newspapers, cardboard and plastic that the sales rate became surprisingly high.The ornaments on the trees spreading holiday cheer throughout Timber Creek. Timber Creek SGA showed the students that there can be budget-friendly and eco-friendly ways to celebrate the holidays. EVALUATION (Were your goals met? What changes would you make? ) The Green Holiday Party was an environmental and educational success. Timber Creek Student Government was able to sell over 100 recycled and biodegradable ornaments. All of the profits went towards benignity to St.Jude Childrens R esearch Hospital because all material was donated. Timber Creek students were very involved in this project by purchasing ornaments and walking just about the courtyard to notice all of the different-looking ornaments made out of recycled material. The ornaments on the trees spread holiday cheer on the Timber Creek campus. To improve the project future(a) year, SGA could consider asking for donations earlier than just a week prior to the project.

Global Oil Industry Conflict: An Apocalypse End Essay

AbstractHuman beings depend on the resources they derive from the environment for their well up-being and their very survival. Warfargon is a prominent human activity utilize to gain rise to power to these resources. fossil rock rock cover color, swagger, and minerals be vital natural resources that meet crucial human needs. Whether for reassign, for heating, or for everyday goods and services, these resources constitute essential raw material inputs. novel civilization would struggle to survive without readily available access to these resources at reasonable and affordable prices. For these reason, these resources are considered to be strategic resources, critical for field and spheric well-being and prosperity. This study aims to provide detailed information closely oil strifes that cod occurred in the past and how they can be solved in emerging by intake of permanent implicates a great deal(prenominal) as provision of energy through different substance a lot from oil.Key words oil indus estimate, world(a), oil related skirmish, apocalypseIntroductionpetroleum forms the largest percentage of energy consumption in the cosmea, ranging from as low as 30% to as tall as 60%, depending on the countrys energy consumption. Forming the worlds largest industry in terms of dollar value, the industry which includes labor, distri hardlyion, refining as well as retailing is the largest in the world (Venn, 2002).Countries as well as companies and organizations are a strugglee of this importance and put up measures that would gain them access to this all too cardinal good. In most countries, governments see put up measures that ensure that oil as accessible to them. These include providing major valuate snitchs to oil companies on almost all oil explorations as well as extractions. These breaks extend to oil field leases as well the equipment used in oil drilling. Governments also provide heavy public subsidiaries to these companies. In ex change for the favors that the governments offer to the companies, they get to access cheaper oil for their countries. However, while oil has managed to form a larger part of relief in industrialization, it has become the source of conflict in many parts of the world, more so in countries where the precious commodity is produced. crude and conflictThe worlds nations interact with each other in their pursuit of external natural resources through governmental and non-governmental avenues in an awesome variety of bilateral and multilateral ways. These international interactions change with time, ranging from cordial and synergistic to antagonistic and destructive (Cotet & Tsui, 2013, p. 51). For instance, one of the several explicitly enunciated national- hostage objectives of the USA is to protect U.S. frugal interests worldwide by maintaining steady access to energy supplies, other critical resources, and foreign markets. The relations among subdivisions or portions of a nation si milarly range in changing patterns from the harmonious to the discordant. At the negative extreme of these spectra of international and domestic interaction are found overt threats of aggression and the actual pursuit of war (Cotet & Tsui, 2013, p. 51).The resort to war by a nation, a group of nations, or a portion of a nation has been a common approach to achieving a policy objective. The half-dozen or more significant wars currently in progress institute a routine human activity that appears in progress represent a routine human activity that appears not to have changed significantly in the recent decades or centuries in each frequency or in intensity. The global shortage, or perceived shortage, of one or more natural resources, especially oil, contri thates greatly to the champion political behavior and the onset of war (Blomberg, Hess & Jackson, 2009, P. 410).Of the minerals bid coal, oil, natural gas, and uranium, the ones considered as possible thrusts of future wars are oil and uranium (Blomberg, Hess & Jackson, 2009, P. 409). The world has become dependent upon continuing supplies of huge quantities of oil, especially so the industrialise nations. Many nations must depend upon imports to satisfy their contend for this commodity. Among the major powers, Russia, China, and the United Kingdom are self-sufficient, and are also exporters of oil. The USA is at present trade about one-third of its consumption. France, Germany and Japan must import all their oil. The major exporting nations at present are Saudi Arabia, Iran, Russia, and Mexico. The major exporting kingdom is the Middle easternmost (Blomberg, Hess & Jackson, 2009, P. 409).Wars fought over oil temper in past centuriesA number of wars in the past centuries have been fought over oil1. Oil has additionally caused many conflicts in the world in recent years, for example, the war in the midst of Sudan and South Sudan (Alexander and Keiger, 2002, p. 26). On 10th April, 2012, the sorely s overeign state of South Sudan work the oil center of Heglig. This is a t birth that was granted to Sudan as a peace settlement that enabled Southern Sudan to secede in 2011. In response to this occupation, the northerners mobilized their own forces and drove the greyers out of Heglig (Check and Mdlongwa, 2012, p. 5).This conflict was caused by calculates such as economic differences mingled with the deuce states, and a long-lasting enmity in the midst of the southerners and the northerners. The biggest cause of this conflict however is oil, and the revenues produced by oil 2(Johnson, 2003, p. 115). Another evidence of conflicts caused by oil is the naval clash in the South China Sea3 (Buszynski, 2012, p. 140).Multiple factors drove this conflict, but that like the Sudan situation, energy is the most dominant motive. The area in question is said to be having large deposits of oil and natural gas. All nations rough the island, including Philippines and China want exploit these coffers. Manila asserts a 200-nautical mile absolute economic zone stretching into the South China Sea from its western shoreline, a region it named the West Philippine Sea. Beijing has also asserted sovereignty over the whole area, counting the waters petitioned by Manila. Despite years of dialogue, no solution has been found yet further clashes over oil and other resources are likely (Buszynski, 2012, p. 141).Egypt has also had some oil and energy conflicts with Israel. The Egyptian frequent Petroleum Corporation communicated to the Israeli government that they were handout to terminate the gas acquisition accord, in which Egypt had been providing gas to Israel4. This contract caused months of demonstrations in Cairo by the protestors who succeeded in depositing Hosni Mubarak. This followed many attacks on the pipelines transporting gas to Israel, which the Egyptian armed forces was unable to prevent. The cutoff suggests the use of energy as a form of political warfare (Bradle y and Mitnick, 2013, p. 1).genus Argentina has also been involved in oil conflicts. The Argentinean government announce that it would seize a majority stake in YPF, the nations largest oil company5. This plough would see the Argentinean government lose over one billion dollars a year which was not acceptable. In a nutshell, this particular conflict was mostly kindleled by Argentinas urge to derive greater economic and political benefits from its energy reserves (Erixon and Brandt, 2013, p.9).Causes of oil conflicts in past decadesThe western world was shock by the 1967 embargo by the Arab oil-producing countries and by the following oil crisis of 1973-74 (Blomberg, Hess & Jackson, 2009, P. 410). These events demonstrated the possibility for oil-producing countries to exert an influence on the world oil supply and to use their oil resources for political goals. At the time, many western scholars and politicians expressed the fear over the threat of oil blackmail. Further developme nts showed that the Organization for Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) had solo limited possibilities to disrupt oil supplies and that such fear had been exaggerated (Blomberg, Hess & Jackson, 2009, P. 409). Nevertheless, the Middle East remains the best known center of conflict having a capacious raw-material component (Humphreys, 2005, p. 511).The situation in the Middle East is grave and complex for three reasons. First, there is op do between the Arab countries plus Palestine and Israel. Second, there are the difficult relations among a number of the Arab countries themselves6. Third, there are hostilities within some of the countries based on religious and political differences. The war between Iran and Iraq served to end these two countries from list of major oil exporters (Humphreys, 2005, p. 512).The numerous and varied levels of conflict within the Middle East are viewed with favor by at to the lowest degree some of the oil- importation countries for they are thought to maintain the region in a dynamic balance (Newton-Small, 2013, p. 39). The foreign policy of the USA and a number of other states is designed to keep these conflicts alive7. The USA also let it be known that it did not even exclude the possibility of an armed seizure of the Middle eastern oil deposits if it looked as if the region would fall into the hands of the then USSR (Humphreys, 2005, p.520).The downfall in 1979 of the pro-US regime in Iran appeared to be an irrevocable loss to the US position there. Following this event, the USA took compensatory steps to prepare for an alternative presence in the Middle East region8. In 1980, the USA began to develop fast deployment forces capable of bang the Middle East. Additionally, a number of NATO countries take outed military units on the Sinai Peninsula. This enabled these forces to have control over the Suez Canal and the Red Sea region. such(prenominal) action strengthened the Israeli position vis--vis its neighbors (Humphrey s, 2005, p. 523).The USA wanted to create the impression that it was acting on behalf of the whole Western world in striving to guarantee oil supplies for its NATO affiliate. moreover this was contradicted by the US proclamation that An attempt by any outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf Region will be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the United States of America, and such an assault will be repelled by any means necessary, including military force. Furthermore, the allies of USA experienced substantial economic losses as a result of the US and Israeli foreign policies in the Middle East9. It was also no coincidence that a number of West European nations were do independent, albeit unsuccessful, initiatives to settle the Arab-Israel conflict (Humphreys, 2005, p. 526).Propensity for warPetro-states, states in which revenues from net oil exports constitute at least ten percent of gross domestic product (GDP), are among the most violent states in the wor ld. Such states show a remarkable trend for militarized interstate disputes (MIDs). They engage in MIDs at a rate more than fifty percent higher than non-petro-states. This was not always true. Until about 1970, petro-states were just about as likely to get into international conflicts as non-petro-states. Yet the modern age of oil, which began in earnest after the Arab oil embargo on 1973, created a world in which petro-states play an oversized role in global military affairs. The relatively small group of petro-states has accounted for almost a quarter of all of the worlds international conflicts since 1970 (Colgan, 2010, p. 678).Petro-aggression is the idea that, under certain circumstances, oil exporting states are systematically more likely to act precipitously and instigate international conflicts. Rather than being scarce a magnet for greed and international competition, oil has multiple effects. Oil creates some incentives to increase a petro-states aggressiveness and some incentives to decrease it. The net effect of oil for a petro-states foreign policy depends on how the oil income interacts with the states domestic politics. Oil income has its most negative consequences for international peace when it flows into a state that is led by a government with aggressive preferences. Such reach out often rises in the wake of a domestic political revolution (Colgan, 2010, p. 679).However, not all petro-states are affected by petro-aggression. A common misperception about oil politics is that it has a uniform, monolithic effect on politics. This is not true because the net political effect of oil varies dramatically depending on the record of the petrostate. Large-scale oil income generates multiple political incentives that affect a petro-states foreign policy.One of the more important but subtle incentives is that oil facilitates risk- taking by petro-state leaders10. Consequently, a petro-state leader often faces very little political answerability, and consequently a low threat of being ousted from office for risky and potentially unpopular actions. In non-petro-states, one of the reasons that leaders tend to avoid international conflicts is because they know that if they are defeated, they are incredibly prone to be ousted from office, either peacefully or violently. Yet a leader with huge financial resources to redistribute to purchase political endorse can afford to take chances, counting those concerned with belligerent foreign policy adventurism (Colgan, 2010, p. 680).The net impact of oils multiple effects on a states foreign policy depends critically on its domestic politics, especially the preferences of its leaders. Governments that have come to power by way of a domestic revolution are especially significant. Revolutionary governments are more likely to have aggressive preferences for two reasons. First, revolutionary politics tend to select leaders that are systematically more risk-tolerant and ambitious to revisi on the status quo that non-revolutionary leaders. Second, revolutions tend to eliminate domestic political constraints that might otherwise restrain an aggressive leader from taking a state into conflict or war. Thus, revolutionary states have a higher propensity for aggression than comparable non-revolutionary states, regardless of whether they have oil (Colgan, 2010, p.681).For states in which a revolutionary government has interpreted power, oil amplifies the states propensity to instigate international conflicts. The combination of a risk-tolerant revolutionary leader, financial resources for armed actions, and a lofty scale of political self-sufficiency generated by oil earnings, produces a noxious mix that aids state aggression, which in turn leads to conflict. In non-revolutionary petro-states, the net effect is quite different. Oil still provides incentives for aggression, but these are balanced by the incentives to avoid international conflict, such as the opportunity cost of any potentially disrupted oil exports (Colgan, 2010, p.683).Impact of oil discovery and productionReferred to as the worlds black gold, oil has in the last century or so become a source of hardships and misery in societies where it has been found. Corrupt and authoritarian governments, as well as loop-sided economies, and violent conflict form the order of the day in countries where petroleum producing countries are concerned. Apart from the internal conflict that most of these countries face, there is the fact that huge multinational companies, through military interventions or clandestine operations are able to maneuver for the control of oil fields by using foreign powers (Stoff, 1982, p. 1945).Due to the lucrative nature of the of the oil industry, even within these countries, insurrectionist groups crop up and want to challenge the government hoping that they too would get part of the profits that come from then oil. These rebels are often dissatisfied citizens who have se en the greed that the government is experiencing as well as the greed and corruption that comes with the industry and feel that the government is not giving them their share11. The degree of the rebel conflicts depends on the strength of the rebel group as well as the ability of the government to quash the rebellion. Some rebellions have even led to the formation of new countries such as was South Sudans case (Keable, 2002, p.178).Oil discovered in the between boundaries of two nations has also been cause for conflicts between the countries. These usually lead to boarder conflicts in the regions as well as international conflicts between the two nations because of the oil generators12 (Karl, 1997, p. 120). another(prenominal) then the border conflicts, the damage that oil production causes to the environment has been a course of major demonstrations and strikes that result to lose of lives. Major environmental damages that have resulted either in the production of the oil pr in its transportation such as oil spills have been cause for major uproars all over the world.Finally, there is the fact that oil has become a very expensive commodity. In recent years, the demand for oil has been at an all time high. With high demand comes the need to produce more oil thus more and more oil discoveries are being made all over the world. However, with greater demands comes the rise in the commodities prices. Rise in demand coupled up with rise in prices makes oil a very scarce resource (Heinberg, 2005, p.133). This has created conflict as people all over the world are now fighting to access this scarce commodity. What is even sadder is the fact that this is likely to be the trend in the next years to come this would mean that is no solution is sought in the nearby future the likely hood of an escalation in the conflicts both local and international is likely as far as oil as a resource is concerned.Reasons both international and local as to why oil is a source of conflict In the last century or so oil has managed to become a source of conflict in one way or the other. This is more so because of the fact that in recent years oil reservoirs all over the world have dwindled because of too much usage. Studies have found that the connection between oil and conflict generally boils down to two expansive reasons. Its importance in a particular countrys economic as well as military power as well as its irregular geographic distribution in the globe (Saharan).Its economic significanceOil is the primitive energy source in the world. It accounts for almost 40% of the worlds energy consumption. It plays an important role in ground, air and water transportation. In the transport sector, oil provides up to 95% of the energy used in the industry all over the world. It is also used in other industries mentioned earlier on in the paper. Due to the critical role played by oil in the running of an economy, any shortage of this commodity has been known to create global economic recessions (Brtland, 2004, p. 527). There is also the fact that most countries that are able to export oil get good income from this export. Thus, in countries where the leaders may try to tamper with these exports, they are usually met with strong resistance.Its significance to military powerOil provides the energy used to power military equipments including the planes as well as the tanks, missiles, armored vehicles, and any other instrument that may be used in a war situation. Modern combat is very expensive to fuel due to the advancement in technology it is therefore very important that every country secure their military power by ensuring that that particular military has access to all supplies. Due to the important role that fuel plays in the functioning of a military, governments have ranked fuel possession as a matter of national security13 (Klare, 2004, p. 132).Its importance to oil geographyWhile oil is important at a global scale, its reservoirs are not simply l ocated in any part of the worlds. In fact, natural petroleum is concentrated in large reservoirs in specific parts of the globe. Studies indicate that the largest reservoir which contributes to a third of the worlds petroleum is situated in the Persian Gulf area. The countries situated in this are provide about 90% of the worlds oil. However, in recent years, there is said to have occurred a gravitation oil shift, thus the oil reservoirs in countries that originally produced oil are depleting and oil is being discovered in countries that originally did not have any (Goodstein, 2005, p. 143).Types of oil conflictsOil conflicts often occur in either of two stages. The scratch line is may occur before the oil itself is discovered (Basedau & Wegenast, 2009, p. 39). This is where discovery has been made and it has been found that there is a likely hood of oil discovery. The second one may occur where the oil is already being produced. The reasons for this conflict may be change integri ty into three main reasons.Territorial disputesThese disputes arise where boarders are involved and where offshore areas that are thought to be insignificant are concerned. Most of these places are usually considered insignificant until an oil discovery is made (Deffeyes, 2008, p. 79). Some of the areas considered insignificant until the discovery of oil include the Caspian Sea whose discovery sparked a territorial conflict between Azerbaijan and Iran and the West African Bakassi Peninsula that caused friction between Niger Delta and Cameroon (Ako & Okonmah, 2009, p. 56).Separatist strugglesIn most countries, oil is produced in areas inhabited by ethnic groups. However, the proceeds of the production go to government officials as well national coffers. In this case, the members of the ethnic communities will feel that given the fact that the oil is on their land, and they are not getting anything from the government, then it would be best if they break away from the parent nation to form their own (Ako & Okonmah, 2009, p. 57). This has been the case in Nigeria, Indonesia, and the southern part of Sudan. South Sudan is a recently independent state because of such a conflict (Alao, 2007, 124).Factional and dynastic strugglesOil brings out the evil as well as the dictatorship in individuals. This is because whoever controls the oil and the revenues it brings in controls the nation and its people. Such people want to continue keeping this power and in fact do anything to be able to retain such power. This includes resorting to brute force as well as suppression of the people (Ross, 2012, p. 110). Those not included in the power on the other hand will resort to any means in order to gain control of that power. These groups will resort to rebellion, terrorism, or coups to wrangle power from the powerful14. Dynastic struggles have been a major contributing factor in oil wars at Niger Delta (Frynas, 2001, p. 29).Some of the worlds fuel conflicts as of the last quarter a centuryWhile conflict has been brew all over the world about oil, and who gets to control it, in recent years these conflicts have escalated (Ebel, 2002, p. 162). In fact as of the past years more than two oil conflicts had erupted between nations over oil. Some of the more recent oil conflicts includeThe Sudan and South Sudan conflictThis conflict is still on going to date. Early 2012, troops from the newly formed South Sudan nation occupied an oil center in Heglig, a town that had been granted to Sudan in a treaty between the two nations. The Sudan government organized its troops which were to drive the Southern Sudan troops from the oil center. Since then, there has been conflict between the two nations (Manaz, 2009, p. 74).The southern China Sea naval clashThis particular area is thought to contain large deposits of oil reservoirs. This has elicited a naval clash between the Chinese government and the Filipino government both of who are claiming rights over that particular st retch (Manaz, 2009, p. 72). The Filipino government claims to have discovered the oil and that it would deviate drilling. On the other hand chinaware claims that the place is their territory.Egypt oil conflict with IsraelAs of the year 2012, Egypt had announced that it would cut off its oil supply to Israel. This announcement was followed by months of protests and attacks on the main pipeline that took oil to Israel (Manaz, 2009, p. 72).Syrian oil conflictSyria is a country with massive oil reservoirs and more recently rebels have come up and want a piece of the cake. This has resulted in conflict between the Syrian military and the rebel groups which has recently escalated to the use of chemical weapons (Lyall & Wilson, 2009, p. 70). What is worsened is the fact that nobody is aware of the extent to which this particular war this war is going to before it can end. Even worse is the uncertainty that has been brought about by the presence of the US army in this particular conflict ()Lyall & Wilson, 2009, p. 83).RecommendationsThe only way to reduce conflicts over energy resources such as oil is climax up with new energy sources. These include sources such as solar power. The solar photo-voltaic (PV) is a technology used to convert energy from the sun into electricity. Other alternatives include biogas technology that changes organic waste into power, and micro and pico-hydro technologies, which harness energy from falling water, for example, steep mountain rivers. These new sources of energy can be better and used globally to reduce dependence on oil, thus reducing oil induced conflicts (Todd, 1982, p. 72).ConclusionOil related conflict is a phenomena that has taken a toll in the last quarter a century or so. What is sad is the fact that at the rate at which these conflicts are taking place, with more than five conflicts reported in the last year alone. This indicates that the world is headed more and more conflicts in the future. Evidently, there are issues that are fueling this rapid movement towards an apocalyptic oil conflict end. Other than greed for power as well as money, the shortage in the commodity is causing a panic in the world. Therefore those with oil want to hoard it and sell it at expensive rates while those without it are fighting to get it.Oil is the most important global resource. It is also responsible for most national and international conflicts in the world for many decades and even today. Most oil importing countries such as the USA instigate foreign policies that cause conflicts in the oil exporting countries, thus enabling the USA to swoop in and control their oil reserves. The Oil exporting countries themselves have a great propensity for instigating national and international conflicts as seen in the above points. With this continuing trend, oil could cause an apocalypse end of the world if other new sources of energy are not found.There is also the fact that geography is changing things. Oil is work shift to places that it was not originally available. Given the fact that the countries that originally had oil reservoirs had that much internal conflict, what would happen to countries that did not have the precious black gold but now had access to it? Isnt this an apocalypse in the making?ReferencesAko, R, & Okonmah, P 2009, Minority Rights Issues in Nigeria A Theoretical Analysis of Historical and Contemporary Conflicts in the Oil-Rich Niger Delta Region, International journal On Minority & Group Rights, 16, 1, pp. 53-65,Alao, A. 2007. Natural resources and conflict in Africa The tragedy of endowment. Rochester, NY Univ. of Rochester Press.Alexander, M., & Keiger, J. F. 2002. France and the Algerian War strategy, operations and diplomacy. Journal of strategic Studies, 25(2), 1-32.Basedau, M, & Wegenast, T 2009, Oil and Diamonds as Causes of Civil War in sub-Saharan Africa, Colombia Internacional, 70, pp. 35-59,Blomberg, B, Hess, G, & Jackson, J 2009, Terrorism and the Returns to Oil , Economics And Politics, 21, 3, pp. 409-432,Bradley, M., & Mitnick, J. 2013. Egypt Cancels Israel Gas Deal. Wall Street Journal, 1, 1.Brtland, J 2004, Externalities, Conflict, and Offshore Lands, Independent Review, 8, 4, pp. 527-548,Buszynski, L. 2012. The South China Sea Oil, Maritime Claims, and U.S. China Strategic Rivalry. The Washington Quarterly, 1, 139-143.Check, N. A., & Mdlongwa, T. 2012. AISA POLICY brief. The Heglig Oil Conflict An Exercise of sovereignty or an Act of Aggression?, 78, 3-6.Colgan, J. 2010. Oil and revolutionary governments fuel for international conflict. International Organization, 64(4), 661-694.Cotet, A, & Tsui, K 2013, Oil and Conflict What Does the Cross Country Evidence sincerely Show?, American Economic Journal Macroeconomics, 5, 1, pp. 49-80,Deffeyes, K. S. 2008. Hubberts peak the impending world oil shortage (New Edition). Princeton University Press.Ebel, R. E. 2002. The Geopolitics of Energy into the 21st Century. CSIS, Washington DC. Erixon, F., & Brandt, L. 2013. Argentina, the Expropriation of Repsol YPF, and the Case for modify Investment Protection Accords. ECIPE Policy Briefs, 08, 1-11.Frynas, J 2001, Corporate and state responses to anti-oil protests in the Niger Delta, African Affairs, 100, 398, p. 27,Goodstein, D. L. 2005. Out of gas The end of the age of oil. New York., NY W.W. Norton.Heinberg, R. 2005. Partys over Oil, war and the fate of industrial societies. Gabriola Island New Society.Hughes, M. 2005. Logistics and the Chaco War Bolivia versus Paraguay, 1932-1935. The Journal of Military History, 69(2), 411-437.Humphreys, M. 2005. Natural Resources, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution Uncovering the Mechanisms. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 49(4), 508-537.Johnson, D. H. 2003. The sink causes of Sudans civil wars. African Security Review, 12(2), 115-115.Karl, T. L. 1997. The paradox of plenty Oil booms and petro-states. Berkeley University of California Press.Keable, K 2002, Planning offsets inherent risk in developing countries, Offshore, 62, 8, p. 178,Klare, M. T. 2004. stock and oil The dangers and consequences of Americas growing petroleum dependency. New York Holt.Lyall, J, & Wilson, I 2009, Rage against the Machines Explaining Outcomes in Counterinsurgency Wars, International Organization, 63, 1, pp. 67-106,Manaz, A 2009, Oil And The Middle East Policy, Cag University Journal Of Social Sciences, 6, 2, pp. 70-83,Newman, E. 2004. The new wars debate a historical perspective is needed. Security Dialogue, 35(2), 173-189.Newton-Small, J 2013, Blood For Oil, Time, 181, 6, pp. 38-41,Park, C. H. 1978. The south china sea disputes Who owns the islands and the natural resources?. Ocean Development & International Law, 5(1), 27-59.Roberts, P. 2005. The end of oil On the edge of a perilous new world. Boston, Mass. u.a. Houghton Mifflin.Ross, M. L. 2012. The oil curse How petroleum riches shapes the development of nations. Princeton, N.J Princeton University Press.Sto ff, M. B. 1982. Oil, war, and American security The search for a national policy on foreign oil, 1941-1947. New Haven u.a. Yale Univ. Pr.Todd, R. W. 1982. Alternative energy sources. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 3(2), 69-80.Venn, F. 2002. The oil crisis. London u.a. Longman.1 For example, in the Chaco War of 1932-35, Paraguay annexed a region of Bolivia in the mistaken belief that it contained oil deposits (Hughes, 2005). France was reluctant to lose Algeria in the latter(prenominal)s was independence of 1954-62 partly because of Algerias oil deposits, but was unable to prevail (Alexander and Keiger, 2002). Similarly, Nigeria was reluctant to lose Biafra in the latters bid for independence in 1967-70 in large part owing to the local oil deposits, and was able to thwart Biafras attempt at secession (Newman, 2004). The Paracel island clash of 1974, in which China routed Viet Nam in re-establishing its claim to this island group in the South China Sea, was apparently mot ivated chiefly by the presumed offshore oil deposits (Park, 1978).2 When the country divided in 2011, the most productive oil fields ended up in the South, while the pipeline for transporting the southern oil to international markets remained in the north. They had been demanding much exaggerated fees for the privilege of transporting the southern oil to its markets. The southerners refused to pay such fees, which made the northerners to confiscate money they had already collected from the southern oil exports. This made the southerners to hold producing oil. It made them launch military action against the north. The situation is very explosive to date, caused by the need for oil.3 This happened when a Philippine warship arrived at Scarborough Shoal in the South China Sea and detained Chinese fishing boats. The Chinese fishermen were accused of illegal fishing activities in Filipino sovereign waters. In response to this, china sent two of their naval ships to the area, claiming tha t the Philippine warship was harassing Chinese ships in Chinese waters. The fishing ships were allowed to depart without further incident4 This decision to terminate the gas agreement was made as a response to a dispute over the Israeli payments for Egyptian gas. All parties involved interpreted it as part of a drive by Egypts new government to demonstrate greater distance from the ousted Mubarak regime and his policy of cooperation with Israel. The Egyptian-Israeli gas link was the most important outcomes of the 1979 treaty between the two countries. Its annulment signals a period of great conflict. This may cause energy shortages in Israel.5 The government announced that it would take 51% controlling stake in YPF, which was majority-owned by the Repsol YPF, Spains largest energy firm. The seizure of its subsidiary was seen in Madrid as a great threat which had to be combated. The Spaniard government retorted that the Argentinean government had broken the climate of cordiality and friendship that presided over the relations between Argentina and Spain. After a few days, the Spaniard government announced that it would stop importing bio fuels from Argentina, its principal supplier.6 These were between Egypt and Libya between Syria and Iraq between the Peoples Democratic Republic of Yemen and Saudi Arabia and between Iran and Iraq.7 The USA at first actively provided Israel and Iran with military and other assistance inasmuch as these two countries were considered to be stabilizing forces within the region. The USA concomitantly provided similar assistance to Saudi Arabia and other buttoned-down Arab regimes as well as to the nearby states of Somalia and Sudan. One of the justifications put forth by the USA for its military aid to the Middle East and nearby countries was the measure of Soviet expansion into the region.8 At the time of the so-called Camp David accords in 1978 among Egypt, Israel, and the USA provision had been made for the USA to be able to con struct two military air bases for Israel in the Negev desert. The presence of the USA on the Sinai Peninsula also permitted a continuation of the installation, improvement, and operation of an early warning system.9 Arab countries For example, were provoked into placing embargos against the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.10 Oil income is easily controlled by the central government, thereby giving the leader an independent source of financial resources that can be redistributed to buy political support11 Case examples of conflicts that have been sparked by rebels over oil resources include Nigeria and Sudan to mention but a few.12 Recently, South Sudan and Sudan have been having a lot of boarder conflict that can be attributed to the existence of oil reservoirs that each state believes belong to them.13 In countries like the US, terming oil as a matter of national security means that they may resort to military force in order to protect it14 This is the case in countries such as Nigeria and Saudi Arabia. In other countries such conflict arises in form of political indifferences as is the case in Venezuela.

Who committs suicide in prison more males or females

Research Paper In January 2012 Freddie Dabneylll died by driving His Car into the James River. Authorities ruled that the cause of shoemakers last was suicide. The felo-de-se rate in Virginia has been continually rising. In 2011/2012 it was reported that the suicide rate reached an all time high at 13 egotism-annihilations in cardinal year. This has been the highest number of suicides in Virginia for almost a decade. According to the States Medical Examiner Office, Virginians are three times to a greater extent than(prenominal) likely to die from a Suicide then a Homicide.The Medical Examiners Office said that the stress of Unemployment, elationship problems, and the lack to access Mental health Resources all played a part in the rising Suicide numbers. Suicide is the act of a person taking His or Her own Life. Who is more likely to commit suicide in prison males or Females? Is there a way that we place prevent Suicide? Suicide can be prevented most people who commit Suicid e do show signs of constant stress and frustration or Depression. Virginia subdivision of Health) 90% or People who kill themselves have a Diagnosable and treatable Mental Illness. Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in The United States of America. In 2007 the Number of People who died from Suicide was 34,598. 395,320 people were treated in emergency departments for self inflicting Injuries. The numbers of attempted suicides are always high than suicide, it is estimated that there are 25 attempted suicides for every suicide. Females from Virginia reported that they had Mental Health Disorders more than potents.For Males thats not good because reporting that you have a Mental health Disorder means that you actually went to get help and receive treatment, and when it comes to that females seek help more than Males. Medical Examiners Office 2008) In 2007 the CDC (Center of Disease Control) in Virginia conducted a survey to Measure attitudes regarding Mental Health Issues. 90 % of Virginians agreed with the statement Treatment can help persons who have Mental Illnesses. tho 54% Virginians agreed with the statement People are caring and sympathetic to others that has a Mental Disorder.Suicide can be prevented we just have be willing to be more caring and concerned about people who has Mental Disorders. Between 2008 and 2011 there were 4,344 Suicide Deaths in a 5-Year Suicide rate of 1 1. 4 per 100,000 people Population in Virginia. Suicide was the 7th leading cause of Death in Virginia. (Virginia Health Department2008) During this Period of time the leading Mechanism of committing Suicide was Firearms (57. 3%) The certify leading Mechanism was Suffocation (18. 6%). The rest of Mechanisms of fall (1 . 73%), Drowning (1. 38%), (1. 5%) of suicides were by other means.Virginians of the age 30 and older has the highest rate of Suicide the suicide rate for people 35 and older was 18. 6 per 100,000. The second age group that had the Highest Suicide rate was yo uth 15-25 years old. Youth from the age 15-25 years old had a Suicide rate of 15. 5 per 100,000. In 2004 to 2008 there were a total of 3,420 Suicides, so from 2008 to 2011 the amounts of Suicides increased over a thousand. (Medical Examiner Office Of Virginia2008) The Suicide rate for Males in Virginia was 3. 6 times higher than Females. The Male Suicide rate was 17. per 100,000 the Female Suicide rate was 5. 2 per 100,000. The leading cause of Suicide for males was the use of Firearms. Out of all the Males that committed Suicide63. 5% of them used Firearms to commit Suicide. For Females the leading cause of Suicide was Poisoning, 38. 8% of females that committed Suicide did it by poisoning their selves. The Suicide rate for race varies but no race significantly outweighs the other. Even though the Suicide rate for Caucasians in Virginia are higher than the other races in Virginia, the Suicide rate in Virginia for a Caucasian person rate is only 2. times higher than African American person in Virginia. Suicide is the Leading Cause of Death for Inmates in Custody. In 2009 303 Inmates died due to the action of Suicide. The total Number of Suicides in prison for both Male and Females is 2,894. Sadly the Total number of Suicides for Male Inmates was 2,661, and for Female inmates were 232. wherefore do Male Inmates commit suicide ore than Female Inmates? There are more male Inmates than Female Inmates. In 2009 the males made up most of the detain Population, 88% percent of the Jail population was males.Suicide rates in Jail have decreased every year 2008-2011. The Suicide rate went from 49 Deaths per 100,000 to 36 Deaths per 100,000. The male suicide rate was 43 per 100,000 Inmates in custody, and the Female Inmate rate was 12 deaths per 100,000. Though There More males in Prison that Females wherefore is a Male 3 times more likely to commit suicide? When being Incarcerated Female Inmates receive more constant therapy and counseling than Male Inmates. In 1993 th e have it off(Board of prisons) developed a special program for Female Inmates.This is special help for Female Inmates and its mainly used for them because its proven that a Female is 5 times less likely to commit a violent crime than a Male. This program is almost like a second chance in life. (U. S. Department of Justice Programs2009) When a Female is arrested and charged for a crime, their time to serve and sentence is lenient when compared to Males. During Incarceration Female Inmates receive Educational and pastime programs. They in any case are given an opportunity to take Job Training and programs to assist Female Inmates to be better Woman, This as implemented by the U.S Department of Labor. The BOP offers Females Inmates the best Rehabilitation programs possible. Female Inmates apprenticeship programs offer special classes that give Females an opportunity to pick up a Trade. There are up to 40 different Trade programs for Female Inmates. The BOP also has special Mental H ealth Disorder Programs for Female Inmates. Remember Mental Health In 1994 A sheriff by the Name of Jim Pendegraph made a commitment to improve the treatment Programs for Male Inmates. These programs are supposed to help Male Inmates and address the reason wherefore they are incarcerated.These Programs include Therapeutic, educational and Literacy Programs, While Incarcerated Male Inmates who are eligible may be allowed to receive treatment. This isnt a Law Implemented by the BOP though, this is something a Local Sheriff came up with to better the Community. It is known that while in Prison Females receive more treatment and better opportunities to better themselves than Males. Female Inmates also receive More Therapy for Mental Health Disorders than Males. Because of the advantages that Female Inmates have over Male Inmates this is the reason why Males commit Suicide More than Females.In Society occlusion Males commit Suicide more than Females, because Females get treated more fo r their Mental Health Disorders that Males. When a Female has a Mental Health Disorder she is more likely to report it and attempt to receive Help. Males dont report the fact that they have mental issues and this risk factor is the main reason Males commit Suicide more than Females. (Medical Examiners Office of Virgin2009) Suicide in Virginia and in the U. S is a problem that needs to be approach and talk about more in Society. Only 54% of people in Virginia agreed with the fact that people are caring to others that.

Marketing strategy of amazon

Marketing outline is necessary in every pipeline. No matter how rich a certain business is, its resources argon always restricted. Thus selling system provides a certain business to allocate his resources mightily in order for his business to be more productive. Marketing mix is likewise essential in the marketing field, and it is basically the reason why the marketing mix (4 Ps) is tackled under marketing strategy. The four essential Ps are the product, the price, the place, and the promotion. Without considering these four essential Ps one and only(a)s business is blame to fail. A marketing manager take to have enough knowledge in order to give determine how to properly organize this marketing mix.This cover aims to concentrate on whether the amazon.com is doing a great marketing strategy. It is a well-known(a) fact that more businesses aims on promoting their products in order to receive better responses from their customers. The sine qua non of promoting their pro ducts are included in the marketing mix and thus a business that knows how to promote his product well would succeed most likely than those who do not have any knowledge in product promotions. Going back to the strategy of amazon.com many wonders why they promote their peeled products side by side with used and old products.There are people who question the rationality behind this because people think that most consumers would take to the woods to buy things which are cheaper compared to the newer and more expensive items particularly books. Thus, this paper aim to break what was the reason behind this particular strategy of amazon.com, whether their strategy is effective or not and the like.Amazon.com is one of the most famous e-commerce companies. Amazon.com sells their products via internet thus making it more convenient for people who do not have enough time to do their shop outside their homes. Jeff Bezos started amazon.com in 1994 and up to now amazon.com is passive contin uing with their business. Amazon.com started by selling books online but as of today they are no longer special(a) on selling books via the internet. Amazon.coms products ranges from cds, dvds, books, clothes, cars, etc. The Amazon.com is a little off the track with their marketing strategy.For one, they are willing to ship products ranging from $25 or more for free. Such shipments could be very costly even from an established business as Amazon. However, in spite of the losses of Amazon.com they are until now well-liked by their customers due to their good services and customer satisfaction is very important in every business. Thus, in this affection Amazon.com shows good marketing strategy in terms of pleasing their customers. However this particular aspect where amazon.com is good at is very short-lived.The strategy Amazon found to reconstruct their selves is by contacting retailers and communicate them to sell some of their products at Amazon. Thus, companies such as Gaps, C ircuit City Stores Inc and the like sell some of their products at Amazon as well as on their own websites. This particular strategy raised Amazons profit to 22%. However, business experts saw that Amazons sale could still grow by the year of 2008 if they would improve some aspects on their websites.By doing this Amazon could draw more retailing companies to join forces with them. Their website had also gotten so serious to the point that shop online on Amazon is no longer as convenient and as easy as it used to especially since so many urls associate customers from one website to another. Thus, if only Amazon.com would try to lessen the mess their website is in then the better their business would be.In terms of utilize the 4 Ps Amazon.com is doing fine in the price part since their prices are very reasonable added to the fact that they gives free shipment for some products. Amazon.com could also be found nationwide because they have opened stores on different countries such as Japan, Germany, etc. This particular strategy is good because it allows them to cover customers in a wide-range basis.However, Amazon.com shows difficulty in promoting most of their products because their website is not very organized. Searching for your desire product could be very strenuous for many insignificant links appears one after another. In terms of products they may be doing alright for they sell products with qualities however, their promotion of their product is not really good and thus they should focus on their marketing promotion to in order to attract customers and other retailers more. (Behr).Amazon.com has certain advantages though as mentioned earlier especially on their venture to conflux with other retailers. They are also one of the most well-known on the e-commerce aside from the fact that they are managing to compete head on with other well-known businesses such as IBM, Microsoft, etc.In terms of selling old books side-by-side with new ones, Amazon has a go od reason for that one too. Amazon.com aims to cater to the needs of different kinds of consumers. There are those who want new things no matter how expensive those things may be. However, there are those who does not really care on whether they are buying something old or new as long as they could afford the price. Thus in this regard Amazon.com is doing a great strategy by catering to the needs and wants of different kinds of consumers.By showing old books side by side with new ones they are also making it easier for their customers to better analyze which one they would pick. For example if Book A costs $15 if it is new and $13 if it is old and used then I would better analyze the pros and cons of buying a new book to that of buying the old one especially if the price difference is only $2. Overall this particular strategy of Amazon could be looked at in different light. However, this particular strategy may be serving Amazons purposes well and thus in this regard I think that sh owing your customer new products as compared to new ones is a good strategy.In a way it is the same as shopping in a certain shop wherein you ask for a particular book whose price is $25 and your money is only $20. Part of a business strategy is to provide an alternative thus it would be of no surprise if the saleslady would ask how much money you have with you and when you say $20 she would tend to show you a copy of the same book although the second one is used but in a lower price as compared to the new book. I am sure that Amazon is using this particular tactic in the same light as the hypothetical saleslady did.ReferenceBehr, bloody shame E. Case Study Amazon.Com. 2003.

Qing China and the consequences of the golden age Essay

IntroductionThe Prosperous sequence was a period where Qing chinaware experienced a drastic increase in population, flourishing trade and commerce, and a remarkable level of social and semipolitical st magnate during the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong.However, its brilliance was all overshadowed by its later(prenominal) resultant roles and china was soon at its breaking point in the nineteenth ampere-second. This essay would thus evaluate on the implications of the Prosperous Age and how the long-term essences prove to be more negative in the nineteenth century due to a string of crisis, and subsequent problems that continued even in modern china of the 20th century. Negative unlooked-for Long Term ConsequencesReversal of Trade Fortunes with BritainDuring the 18th century, there was mounting European demand for Chinese goods (Hung, 2011). Britain in particular, had concentrated liking and demand for Chinese goods especially tea. Hence, it led to the out flow of British silver into China, but little inflow of silver back into the British preservation resulted in China enjoying a trade surplus (City University HK, 2007) while Britain suffered from a trade deficit.To redress this deficit, Britain began to smuggle and sell opium in China (City University HK, 2007). Chinas attempt to prohibit opium then resulted in the Opium Wars and suffered a tragic beat. The defeat in the Opium War led to the signings of unequal treaties .Upon signing of the unequal treaties, overmuch Chinese marked it as the beginning of a century of shame and humiliation. Although China was never formally colonized, the lack of ability to defend its basic sovereign rights and ability to govern its own country made it look like a like semi-colonized state of Britain. Consequently, the Qing government was promisen as weak and inefficient to combat against the foreigners and much Chinese lost faith in the Manchurian Qing government.As a result, this gave rise to t he Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901) where violent revolts and attacks were targeted against foreigners as a sign to elude their influence. Boxers,supported by China, suffered a yet another defeat and were constrained to sign yet another unequal treaty Boxer Protocol, where the reparations drastically cripple the Chinese economy till the mid 20th century (Zheng, 2009).Thus, we back end see that the sign trade surplus, a sign of Prosperous Age resulted in British to redress the situation by selling opium to the Chinese led to the Opium Wars and the unequal treaties which greatly weakened Qing China internally and externally in the 19th century.Chinas failure to counter foreign influence led to their continued defeat in the Boxer Rebellion at the end of 19th century, where another unequal treaty continued to cripple her till mid 20th century , thereby demonstrating the long term consequence of the Prosperous Age was indeed negative in the long run, especially since the consequences did not confine just to the 19th century but even stretched to the 20th century. Reforms did not withstand up with population boomDuring the Prosperous Age, Chinas population tripled from less than 150 million to over 400 million (Perkins, 1969). cultivated Service Exam however continued its strict quota for passing (Bentley & Ziegler, 2003) and that meant a lower ratio of scholar to population passes. The frustration of students led to the rise of authoritative leaders like Hong Xiuquan who sought for reforms which led to the Taiping Rebellion . Coincidentally, the backbone of his rebels were the poor peasants who were forced out of arable lands and were socially upset and frustrated, which was also due to the consequence of the population boom.The consequence of the Taiping Rebellion led to a weakened Qing as they were forced to decentralize causality to provincial elites to deal with the crisis and this power was never to the full recovered even after the rebellion was suppresse d (Sng, 2011). Provincial elites who did not return the power were a growing sign of defiance and could have the hap of rising up against the imperial court.The unneeded civil unrest caused by Taiping Rebellion also served to exacerbate subsequent crisis like the Northern Chinese paucity (1876-1879) where the government was severely blamed for not providing sufficient aid. The excess unrest and loss of power proved to be detrimental in the 19th century as it spirited China and the country with no official political bloc stepping up to assist with the problems and crisis. In short, China was in a arrive disarray and chaotic. Lack of technological advancementQing China favoured political and social stability over technological innovation which they feared would lead to unsettling changes. Furthermore, the vast population functional to firms was a cheaper alternative to increase output, sooner than investment of new technologies which was costly (Bentley & Ziegler, 2003).This prove d to be adverse in the 19th century when China booked in wars. In the Opium Wars, the Qing military was no match against the British who utilized better technology to triumph (Tanner, 2010). The first defeat resulted in Treaty of Nanjing which ceded Hong Kong to Britain. consequent wars like the First Sino- lacquerese War (1894-1985) had China suffering a crushing defeat against a more superior and modernized Japanese army.China then ceded Taiwan, Penghu and the Liaodong peninsular to the Japanese. It clearly implied that China could not defend its own sovereign ground and indicated how backward the Chinese army. It questions the right of China to even claim rights over those territories if she could not even defend it properly. The problem gets exemplified into the 20th century when China continued to suffer several defeats to the Japanese in the Second Sino-Japanese War . however with the Self-Strengthening Movement (1861-1895) which was embraced to modernize China was insuffici ent. The subsequent defeats to Allied forces in the Boxer Rebellion and Japanese in the Sino-Japanese Wars marred the success of the movement.Especially significant was the defeat in First Sino-Japanese war as for the first time in over 2000 years of history, regional dominance in East Asia shifted from China to Japan (Johnson, 2010). Coupled with the defeat, Chinas international and regional standings were challenged and staged subsequent revolutions that led to other problems and the eventual demise of Qing. Positive Long Term Unanticipated ConsequencesBuilding a new foundation based on common peopleThe end of Taiping Rebellion inspired nationalists (Del Testa & Lemoine & Strickland, 2001) to fight for the betterment of Chinese. It was because of the consequence of the Prosperous Age that led to the decisive rise of nationalist to seek for reforms. An example would be the decentralizing of power, which meant many parties would be involved in decision-making process, rather than j ust the monarch government.This would ensure that concerns are taken into deliberation before decision-making that will benefit majority of the Chinese, rather than the imperial court only. The nationalist day-dream then culminated in the 1911 Revolution in the early 20th century, where the Qing was overthrown and the Republic of China was established.Nevertheless, the dream of the nationalist was short-lived due to a power fight within. Even though election was scheduled for 1913, but it soon became clear than Yuan Shikai wanted to establish his own power base. Sun Yat Sen was then forced into exile after he stepped down as head of the newly formed Kuomintang (Foster, 2007). The new government was then monopolized by Yuan and led to decades of political division and warlordism, including monarchy restoration (Blecher, 2010).Therefore we can see that the perceived benefits from the consequence of Prosperous Age in the 19th century did not fully encounter in the 20th century. Monarc hy restoration was attempted and defeats the purpose of the promised sharing of power with the people initially. Political and social unrest persisted even with the new government which culminated in the May Fourth Movement (1919). Hence, we can see that China did not become better even with the end of Qing. It would be judgmental to argue that the initial rise of nationalists had resulted in a better China.It would be fairer to argue that the initial rise of nationalists led to more power struggle and dissident movements like the Chinese Warlord Era (1916-1928) as there were no strong political forces to enforce stability and order until the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) came in 1949. ConclusionHence, we can see that the consequences of the Prosperous Age proved to be more negative. The severity of the negative consequences shed light on thecrises in the 19th century which crippled China internally and externally. The impact of the consequences was so overwhelming that it even snow balled to the 20th century and further crippled modern China. In contrast, the perceived positive consequences was that it make the foundation but the problem was that the foundation was weak and unstable which in turn led to more problems which culminated in more movements and revolutions.Furthermore, problems like sovereign issues were not solved by reforms or Chinas surge in military strength but rather treaties that returned territories to her under imminent conditions . Thus, we can see that the long term consequences were more negative in the 19th century as it continued the crippling of China economically, socially and militarily and as soundly as set the stage for the movements and revolutions in the 20th century which did not necessary bring about stability and communal power amongst its people until the CCP came into power in 1949.References Hung, H.F. (2011), Protest with Chinese characteristics demonstrations, riots, and petitions (p24-26). USA Columbia University Pres s Qian Long Emperors Letter to George III, 1793, retrieved from Sanders & Morillo & Nelson & Elleberger (2005), Encounters in World History Sources and Themes from the Global Past, tawdriness 2 (p289). McGraw-Hill Sng, T.H (2011, Oct 4). Size and Dynastic Decline The Principal-Agent Problem in Late Imperial China 1700-1850.City University of HK Press (2007), China Five thousand years of history and civilization (p109). Hong Kong City University of HK Press Perkins, D.H. (1969). Agricultural development in China, 1369-1968. Chicago Aldine Bentley & Ziegler (2003). Traditions and Encounters (p724-740). New York McGraw-Hill Tanner, H.M. (2010), China From the Great Qing Empire through the Peoples Republic of China 1644-2009 (p77). USA Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. Del Testa & Lemoine & Strickland (2001). Government leaders, military rulers and political activist (p86). Greenwood Publishing Group Foster, S (2007). Adventure Guide China (p18-19). Hunter Publishing, Inc. Blech er, M.J. (2010). China against the tides restructuring through revolution, radicalism, and reform (p205). Continuum International Publishing Group Johnson, R.E. (2010). A GlobalIntroduction to Baptist Churches (p267). Cambridge University Press Zheng, J.G. (2009). Historical dictionary of modern China 1800-1949 (p32). USA Scarecrow Press

Business Strategic Plan and Presentation Essay

http//www.homeworkbasket.com/BUS-475/BUS-475-Week-5-Individual-Final-Strategic-Plan-and-PresentationResources Vision, mission, values, SWOTT analysis, balanced scorecards, and communication stick outWrite a 700- to 1,050-word section for your strategic plan in which you add your strategies and tactics to implement and realize your strategic objectives, measures, and targets. Include marketing and information technology strategies and tactics. Develop at least three methods to monitor and control your proposed strategic plan, being sure to analyze how the measures will advance organizational goals financially and operationally. Finally, recommend actions needed to address ethical, legal, and regulatory issues faced by the organization, and how they can improve corporate citizenship.Combine your completed strategic plan. This includes the vision, mission, values, SWOTT analysis, balanced scorecard, and communication plan. Your consolidated final strategic plan should be 2,800 to 4,20 0 words in length.Prepare three to five Microsoft PowerPoint slides in which you briefly outline the vision, mission, values, and balanced scorecard that you have developed for your business.For More Homework Goto http//www.homeworkbasket.com

Dashboard Mockup for Bigbazaar

Weakness despicable client service Availability of goods in store is little when comp ard to online economizey of goods orde tearing online takes at to the lowest degree 2-3 weeks Weak marketing and advertising Opportunities Providing wide range of products in store Improve the online delivery system elaboration of stores in all over the country and neighboring countries Threats Online shopping websites Demand of goods Inflation Low quadriceps femoris to provide for all goods in store Gap Analysis To improve market share in coming yearsTo improve marketing and advertising in next two years To improve customer service both online and in store increase customer base and by providing social station separate Objectives and Goals Maintaining low costs of products and providing quality goods at all times Meeting the demand of customers by analyzing the requirements of customer Proportioning delivery services and enhancing customer services Starting memberships to increase customers and providing them with discounts on barter fors Avoiding stealing or steal in stores Key Performance Indicators (Kepis) Kepis are also known as key success actors Of a telephoner.They usually help an organization in labeling its finishs and measuring organizational development linked to the objectives. Following are some of the Kepis designed for Bizarre that are aligned with its goals and objectives. Net revenue Number of new stores Deliver Eng services node satisfaction reports Memberships registered monthly Number of thefts occurring monthly Net revenue This sleep is in a flash aligned with first goal, second goal and fourth goal.The overall revenue of the organization is directly affected by the sales of the products. If Bizarre maintains the price and quality of goods properly then there ordain be an exponential growth in sales, which Will increase the net revenue as well. With the increase in number of stores to meet demand of the customer, increase in number of sto res also plays a key utilization in net revenue. To attract customers gift coupons and discounts gage be offer to first-string customers with membership which will increase sales.As profits play a vital role in companies future, we need to go by revenue every quarter. As bizarre is a nation wide comp any with over 700 one million million dollar venue in last year it is essential to keep in mind that door value or minimum value for each(prenominal) quarter mustiness not be less than 180 million dollars which is represented by yellow color. Any revenue above can be considered as good profit margin and is denoted by kelvin and revenue below 180 should be considered as danger zone and is denoted by red color.If a quarters revenue is in red then it should be considered as an alert and authorities must revise their goals and objectives. Number of new stores This KIP is primarily linked to second goal of meeting customers demand and plays a role in change magnitude net revenue. As there is a vast need of products that is required by customers and not everyone likes to purchase online. Increasing number Of stores yearly to meet the demand will also increase sales of Bizarre. To carry out this Bizarre needs to open stores in north, south, west, and east regions in India.Opening of stores can be schedules in quarterly basis. To achieve the goal and produce good outputs company has to open more than than 25 stores in each quarter if this criterion is met than the graph is represented in green color. The management can handle more than 20 stores per quarter, which is labeled in allow color. However, if the stores opened per quarter is less than 20, then the production of the company will be effected hence it must be considered as an alert and new stores should be planned for the next quarter.Delivering services This KIP is aligned with part of third goal that is proportioning delivery system. close of the customers prefer shopping in store mainly because wi th in Store shopping products are obtained instantly. However, by providing proper information and good delivery system online shopping can decrease strain of driving. As Bizarre has to compete with its competitors, t must provide a good delivery system by means of which it can gain profits. To monitor delivery service we must concentrate on delivery luck obtained every year.For Bizarre to maintain a good delivery system it is important that delivery role is 60 or above which is carry and any percentage above 70 should be considered a good percentage of deliveries. If the percentage is less than 60, then the issue must be taken to officials notice. Customer satisfaction report This KIP is affiliated to a part of third goal, which is to enhance customer service. For any retail store, it is very important to maintain a good customer service relationship.To see through that there is a good reputation on customer services offered by the store we can conduct survey and call members t o get feedback from them and ask them to rate the services on a measure of five. Getting grade of 4 or 5 can be considered as good, which is colored in green and a grade of three can be reflected as moderate that is colored in yellow, which means it can be improved with little bm. But a grade of 1 or 2 should be considered as threshold and colored as red and a serious effort has to be put into rectifying the customer services. The aim is to get at least 60% of the customers to grade amongst 4 or 5.Memberships registered monthly This KIP addresses fourth goal, which states to increase memberships by offering coupons and discounts. While increasing membership organization can gather information regarding purchase patterns of customers and improve stores structure. Members can get coupons and discounts on purchases, which makes them regular customer this will also help improve sales and revenue. As Bizarre is a comprehensive company with many branches, there should be at least 7000 new customers every month registering for membership, which is moderate and is represented with yellow color.If the number of memberships registered is 8500 or above it should be considered as good and is represented with green color. If the number of new memberships registered is less than 7000, it must be colored in red and this issue must be informed to marketing department. Number of thefts occurring monthly This KIP is directly linked to fifth goal that is to avoid shoplifting and stealing in stores. Shoplifting is one of the reasons, which causes a massive loss to the store. both(prenominal) security measures need to be taken in order to avoid thefts in stores.

Wild Animals As Pets

check to HSUS, the human society of the get together States, wonderful animal trade is a multi-billion business, following to drugs and weaponries on the benighted market. It is a fifteen billion dollar industry in America alone. Keeping barbaric animals as pets not only risks your life but the people around you too. Not to mention, the animal itself and the environment. There has been numerous qualitys where the animal has been killed, neglected, and where they have unsatisfied its basic needs.Exotic animals deserve to live in their natural habitat where they atomic number 18 most happy consequently more legislation needs to be enacted that restricts and makes owning wild animals illegal. The five castigate common wild animals that are kept as pets are Primates, large cats, venomous snakes, bears, and coatis. There are many reasons why these would make terrible pets such(prenominal) as the animal can injure you or even kill you. Some big cats at first might be cute to con tribute with while they are young. However once an adult, it can end up being very aggressive.Furthermore, automatic behavior and behavioral disorders are normal, you can never know what to expect from them. It takes time to domesticate an animal, taming dogs and cats took centuries. They manifestly do not do surface with people like ordinary pets do. There was a case where a two-hundred pound pet chimp in Stamford, Connecticut, fiercely attacked a woman he had been well known for years, leaving her severely wounded with most of her face ripped off. The woman, Charla Nash of age 55,was visiting her friend, Sandra Herold, who owned the chimpanzee.The chimps take a shit was Travis, who was a famous figure downtown, who had performed in TV advertisements and frequently modeled or snapshots at the storehouse ran by his proprietor. Sandra aggressively tried to get Travis off, but she was no match for a two-hundred pound ape. So she called for help, shortly, the police had come. Once they had arrived Travis ran remote, the police went in search for him and shot him, but then he had ran outdoor(a) again. The police ultimately picked up a hint of blood leading to the household and discovering him deceased.Charla had to go through and through a twenty hour, multiple face transplant operation and is blind for life. Outbreaks like the one in the Charla Nash case wouldnt of happened if wild animals were kept in their natural habitat. Keeping the animal is just with child(p) for the animal itself. Some owners leave have the foreign animals teeth or claws detached, not only does it trouble the animal but it is cruel. How does a bird feel if it cant soar in the cast out? Even if an animal does living its entire body parts, the minimal room it has as related to the wild regularly generates insanity, depression, and vicious behavior.Such psychological problems can be a good deal seen as a mutilation in such as tearing fur or feathers off their limbs. Most people w ho own wild animals keep them in a cage or captive. Cages are prisons to animals. Animals held confined cannot wander, fly, climb, pick a spouse or live at will. They are imprisoned, hampered, and isolated. They are stripped of regulation over their natural lives Also, having medical tutelage for the animal is very hard. Some owners are afraid to bring their wild pet to the vet because it is often banned to have them in the first place.Additionally, various exotic animals hide the signs of sickness, and the majority of people wouldnt even know what indications to look for. Lastly, finding an appropriate veterinarian could require a visit to the wildlife parking lot which can be quite expensive. There are also significant environmental aspects to take in mind. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals informs that newborn animals are the most wanted and produce dealers the biggest profits. Poachers will generally slaughter the defensive mother so that its easier to capture the baby, furthering the stimulation of the extinctionrate of uncounted already endangered animals. While some exotic pets have been created in confinement, many wild animals are taken straight from their inherent homes.The pressure of being violently removed from their families causes certain animals to pass away before they even get to a private residence. Removing exotic animals from their natural environment, like the tropical rain down forest or African savannas negatively disturbs the ecosystems, which, confirming from the ASPCA, depend on those species to advance the life overture of vegetation and maintain animal populations in check.There are fairly a couple national laws that proscribe the exportationation and federal transmission of certain wild pets in the United States. These consist of the imprisonment of Wildlife auspices Act, the Wild Bird Conservation Act and the Endangered Species Act. Furthermore, numerous states have limitations on the possessio n of exotic pets. According to the ASPCA, these regulations vary immensely from one state to another state and can estimate from sum sanctions to merely demanding a license.Internationally, the Settlement on the Global Trade in Endangered Species of Plants and Wildlife standardizes the import and export of vanishing species. In a somewhat different disposition, animal benefit establishments like the human society of the United States have established assemblies like the Species Survival Network to endorse wildlife fortification and educate communities about the endangerments of wild pet ownership. Though, despite these legislations and a humanitarian purpose, the exotic pet trade is still a comfortable industry.

The Island of Bohol: Heaven on Earth

Bohol is an island in the tropical country of the Philippines which is located in Southeast Asia. A couple of long time back, I traveled to Bohol to get acquainted with Asia. The moment I stepped out of the airport, I smelled something different. The scent of tropical paradise overpowered my senses. Its a mix of flavors of coconut trees, sweet fruits and the usual body-scented steam that just makes you want to unroll and unwind. More so, the sizzling ray of the sun, the hypnotic sound of the sea and warm smile of the natives of Bohol greeted me as I entered natures hidden treasure.My adventure began as I traversed the oval-shaped island from the luscious mountainous region going towards the pristine coastal area. I started with the infamous Chocolate hills. Its a large formation of rich brown-colored cone-shaped hills. These cute hills looked equivalent gigantic Hersheys kisses strategically placed in a picturesque landscape. After my first immersion with Bohols topical anaestheti c beauty, I said to myself that theres no way that there could be another place that can sputter the exquisiteness of Chocolate hills.This was a fact until I saw the long white sandy beaches of Panglao island. It literally took my schnorchel away. It was simply idyllic. Endless columns of coconut trees outlined the beach front. The white sand is so friendly to the cutting foot because of it is fine as a salt and soft as milk texture that do me want to cover my whole body with it. The natural charm of the place did not stopt here,it went beyond to the grand crystal blue water of the sea. The undulating movements of the waves took me to a place that highlighted my contentment and happiness.

The pros and cons of a database management system (DBMS) for a new a newly established multi-campus

This assignment is an attempt to present a position paper ab bulge out the pros and cons of a tuitionbase watchfulness trunk (DBMS) for a new a newly established multi-campus Mpokeleshi University library in Muchinga province of Zambia. It that gives sufficiently clear arguments to enable the vice- accidentllor make an informed decision on the way forward. The paper go away first define the major concepts under review before outlining the pros and cons of a informationbase wariness constitution (DBMS) and ultimately give sufficiently clear arguments to enable the vice-chancellor make an informed decision on the way forward.DEFINITIONS OF major CONCEPTSTo begin with atomic number 18 the definitions of major concepts under review and these are pros and cons, and infobase counseling agreement (DBMS). According to the oxford university dictionary, pros and cons immoral advantages and disadvantages or arguments for and against something. A infobase wariness outline (D BMS) on the other hand quite a little be low-spirited down and be defined as single concepts as follows info are the raw facts or figures which are processed to get the information. A selective informationbase is a collection of data stored in a standardized format, designed to be processed, divided up by several(predicate) users and may have single or six-fold tables organized in rows and columns.Therefore, a database management system (DBMS) basis be defined as a software package that defines a database, stores the data and supports a query language, produces reports, and forms data entry forms, (Laudon, 2000221). Others have defined a database management system as a complex set of software programs that controls the organization, storage, management, and retrieval of data in a database.ADVANTAGES OF DATABASE perplexity SYSTEMSDatabase management system (DBMS) is a central system which provides a common embrasure between the data and the various(a) front-end programs i n the application. It excessively provides a central location for the whole data in the application to reside. Database management system (DBMS) has several advantages and among them includes minimal data redundancy since the whole data resides in one central database, the various programs in the application can access data in different data files. Therefore, data present in one file need non be duplicated in other file thus reducing dataredundancy which in turn leads to kick downstairs data consistency (Obrien, 2003).The other notable advantage of database management system (DBMS) is data integration since cogitate data is stored in one single database, enforcing data integrity is more than easier. Moreover, the functions of the database management system (DBMS) can be used to enforce the integrity rules with minimum programming in the application programs. Data share is another advantage of a database management system (DBMS) Related data can be shared across programs since the data is stored in a alter manner. Even new applications can be true to operate against the same data since several users can access and use the same data for different purposes, provided they are authorized users, as you might be aware that databases are normally protected by passwords to avoid unauthorized users from accessing and or manipulating such database content (Date, 2003268-276).Enforcement of standards and better controls are similarly achieved due to the centralise nature of the system. Standards in the organization and structure of data files is required, and is also easy in a data system since it is one single set of programs which is always interacting with the data files. Another advantage which gives database management system (DBMS) a plus is application development liberalisation the application programmer need not ready the functions for handling issues like concurrent access, security, data integrity to mention that a few, the programmer preferably only needs to implement the application business rules.This hence brings in application development ease because sum upition of additional functional modules becomes easier than in file-based systems. Nijssen, (1976158) outlines that data independence is heretofore another merit of database management system (DBMS) He outlines that data independence is isolating an upper level from the changes in the organization or structure of a lower level. For example, if changes in the file organization of a data file do not demand for changes in the functions in the database management system (DBMS) or in the application programs, data independence is achieved. He further defines that data as immunity of applications to change in physical mission and access techniques.The provision of data independence is one of the major objectives of database systems due to the architectural nature of a database management system (DBMS) which can be viewed as a three level system comprising the indwellin g or physical level where the data resides, theconceptual level which the level of the DBMS functions and last but not the least the outdoor(a) level which is the level of application programs or the end users. Due to the centralized nature of a database management system (DBMS) maintenance hail is reduced thus accounting for yet another advantage of DBMS.It is generally acceptable that it costs practically less to create a system of smaller computers with the combining weight power as a single large and expensive computer. This makes it more efficient for corporate divisions and departments to obtain break away and less expensive computers. It is also much more cost-effective to add workstations to a network than to update a mainframe system. Another dimension of cost reduction is victorious advantage of economies of scale. It is generally argued that the cost of processing and maintenance of individual and geographically remote systems may be expensive as opposed to proces sing and maintaining a centralized system which may be much economical because the technical expertise required for trial such a complex system can be centralized or concentrated at one situate hence reducing the cost which could have been incurred for running separate and geographically remote systems (Conolly, 1997).DISADVANTAGES OF DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSDespite the various advantages of database management systems (DBMS), it is worth pointing out that it has its own shortcomings or disadvantages or rather challenges, and some of them include confidentiality, privacy and security It is worth noting that when information is centralized and is accessed by a commodious number of users remotely, the possibility of abuse are often more, as opposed to a conventional data processing system, thereby compromising the levels of confidentiality, privacy and security. Therefore, to reduce the chance of unauthorized users from accessing and abusing sensitive information, it is necessar y to take technical, administrative, and maybe legal measures to curb such abuse if a database management system (DBMS) is to continue to serve its intended purpose of informing, entertaining and indeed educating the masses (Laudon, 2004223).Similarly, since the database is kindly to many users remotely, adequate controls are needed to control unauthorized users from updating data on the database if data quality and data integrity are to be maintained. Additionally, with the increased number of users accessing data directly, there are greateropportunities for the users to damage the database unless there are suitable controls put in place to ensure data accessibility and quality is not compromised. Enterprise vulnerability is yet another challenge of a database management system (DBMS). It is worth noting that centralizing all the data of an enterprise in one database may baseborn that such a database becomes an indispensable and a reliable resource.Therefore, the survival of the enterprise may depend on reliable information being available on its database all the time. If the risk of possible damage is left field unchecked by overlooking adequate maintenance and upgrading, the whole enterprise therefore becomes vulnerable to high impact of failure. According to (Conolly, 1997689), complexity and cost account for another demerit of a database management system (DBMS). It is common knowledge that a complex conceptual design process needs multiple external well qualified staff with the necessary technical expertise, who are in most instances scarce and possibly expensive to hire.The fact that a complex system requires additional and or new hardware and software for maintenance and or upgrading which are expensive even worsens the prohibitive cost of running an effective database management system (DBMS) for small enterprises as they normally struggle with cost justification for making such huge investments in the infrastructure, or backup and recovery in cas es of damage and or failure of the system.JUSTIFICATION FOR A DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A MULTI-CAMPUS UNIVERSITY LIBRARYDespite the above outlined disadvantages of database management systems (DBMS), it is worth noting that the advantages of DBMS outweigh the disadvantages and some of the weaknesses should be viewed as mere challenges of database management systems (DBMS) as opposed to being disadvantages because they can be mitigated. For example, the challenges of cost of running a complex database management system can be mitigated by cutting the congress cost of data transmission across the network by introducing local access.It may be much more economical to partition the application and perform the processing locally at each site or rather at each at each campus library of the multi-campus university. Furthermore, the challenge of prohibitive cost of kick starting and or running a complex database management system (DBMS) can also be minimized by the application of what is known as the Groshs law of economics which argues that calculate power is calculated according to the square of thecost of the equipment three times the cost could provide 9 times of power, which is why it costs much less to create a system of small computers with the equivalent power of a single large computer.This makes it more cost-effective for corporate divisions and departments to obtain small separate computers, which in this case can be equated to running a small and cost-effective library networks at each site of the multi-campus university (Conolly, 1997688). He goes on to argue that a distributed database management system (DDBMS) could be exemplification for a multi-campus university library as opposed to a centralized database management system (CDBMS) due to amend availability and improved reliability.On the one hand, improved availability is enhanced in the sense that unlike in a centralized database management system (CDBMS) where a computer failure can termi nate the operations of the database management system (DBMS), conversely, a failure at one site of a distributed database management system (DDBMS) or a failure of a communication link making same sites inaccessible does not render the entire system inoperable. It is however impressive to note that in this type of a system, if a single knob fails, the system may be able to reroute the failed nodes request to another site hence improving availability to various users of a multi-campus university library.On the other hand, improved reliability is also achieved because data may be replicated so that it exists in more than one site, similarly, the failure of a node or a communication link does not necessarily make the data inaccessible to various users of a multi-campus university library. Last but not the least, in a multi-campus library setup, data can physically reside nearest to where it is most often accessed, thus providing users with local control of the data that they interact with. This results in local autonomy of the data allowing users to enforce locally the policies regarding access to and or manipulation of their database management system (DBMS).CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, database management systems (DBMS) have continued to make data arrangement, storage, access and retrieval much easier than it used to be in the olden days. With the emergency of the relational model of database management systems (which is a software that is used to create and use a relational database-which in turn is a database that conforms to the relational model, and refers to a databases data and schema), much of thebig challenge associated with handling large and complex databases has been reduced. With the continued and advances in research, it is highly heavy(p) that more and advanced database management products will be availed on the market to improve on the existing ones hence further minimizing the challenges of running a complex database management system.